HIVE-29578: Iceberg: add support for native views by difin · Pull Request #6449 · apache/hive

difin · 2026-04-23T23:38:39Z

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Added support for Iceberg native views in Hive for both HMS and REST catalogs.

There is a limitation in the current implementation: when Hive uses a REST catalog and creates a view on a partitioned Iceberg table, querying the view only works with CBO disabled. To be addressed in a follow-up PR.

Why are the changes needed?

To support Iceberg native views. This can be especially useful for REST Catalog clients.

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

Yes, new HQL syntax:

create view <view_name> as select * from <src_tbl> stored by iceberg;

How was this patch tested?

Created new and updated exiting unit and integration tests with Iceberg native views test cases.

kasakrisz · 2026-04-27T12:18:23Z

+
+delete from src_ice where last_name in ('ln1a', 'ln2a', 'ln7a');
+
+create view v_ice as select * from src_ice stored by iceberg;


IMHO think the syntax should follow materialized view syntax

hive/iceberg/iceberg-handler/src/test/queries/positive/mv_iceberg_orc2.q

Lines 16 to 17 in ee6848d

create materialized view mat1 stored by iceberg stored as orc tblproperties ('format-version'='1') as

select tbl_ice.b, tbl_ice.c from tbl_ice where tbl_ice.c > 52;

I checked some other database engines (Trino, Dremio) that supports Iceberg logical views, none of them adds extra keywords to the SQL syntax but they enable define the catalog where the view should be stored and that catalog should be Iceberg

kasakrisz · 2026-04-27T13:33:22Z

+  /**
+   * Optional trailing {@code tableFileFormat} on CREATE VIEW: only {@code STORED BY ICEBERG} is allowed
+   * (no serde properties or {@code STORED AS} tail).
+   */
+  private boolean validateOptionalViewStorageClause(ASTNode storageRoot) throws SemanticException {


The keywords STORED BY ICEBERG are a bit confusing because no data is actually stored in the case of logical views. Some engines do not require extra keywords to specify when creating Iceberg logical views.

If we insist on using keywords, how about something like these?

create view <view_name> viewproperties(format='iceberg') as select...; create view <view_name> format iceberg as select...;

If we decide to go with the STORED BY ICEBERG keywords, please create a new grammar rule specifically for views—similar to tableFileFormat—called viewMetadataFormat. This should limit the grammar to the STORED BY <identifier> syntax. By doing this, you can eliminate the need for extra validation checks in the analyzer.

I recommend checking the configuration setting hive.default.storage.handler.class when deciding where to store the view metadata. If a storage handler is set that supports views, let's use the Storage Handler API to store the metadata.

Created a rule viewMetadataFormat.

Moved STORED BY ICEBERG closer to the view definition similar to CTAS. i.e. `STORED BY ICEBERG as SELECT.

Made STORED BY ICEBERG optional. if not specified, deducting the type based on hive.default.storage.handler.class conf.

kasakrisz · 2026-04-28T12:42:28Z

+    result.setLastAccessTime(nowSec);
+    result.setRetention(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+
+    boolean hiveEngineEnabled = false;


What is hiveEngineEnabled and why is it false?

hiveEngineEnabled switches how HiveOperationsBase.storageDescriptor fills the Storage Desacriptor: with HiveIcebergInputFormat / HiveIcebergOutputFormat / HiveIcebergSerDe when true, or the usual placeholder FileInputFormat / FileOutputFormat / LazySimpleSerDe when false.

Why it’s false in toHiveView:

This path materializes an HMS VIRTUAL_VIEW for REST catalog that expose Iceberg view metadata through the HMS API. That row isn’t meant to drive a Hive table scan the way a real Iceberg table commit does; execution still comes from the view definition / catalog, not from wiring Iceberg MR formats on the stub. HiveViewOperations does the same thing (hiveEngineEnabled = false).

So we keep a minimal SD consistent with normal virtual views and avoid implying this HMS object is an Iceberg-backed table for the Hive engine. For tables, HiveTableOperations still turns engine integration on/off via metadata + ConfigProperties.ENGINE_HIVE_ENABLED where that actually matters.

kasakrisz · 2026-04-28T12:52:03Z

+  private static ViewBuilder applyCommentAndTblProps(
+      ViewBuilder builder, Map<String, String> tblProperties, String comment) {
+    ViewBuilder viewBuilder = builder;
+    if (comment != null && !comment.isEmpty()) {


how about isNotBlank ?

kasakrisz · 2026-04-28T12:54:14Z

+    return (ViewCatalog) catalog;
+  }
+
+  private static ViewBuilder startViewBuilder(


nit.: startViewBuilder, applyCommentAndTblProps, commitView doesn't add much value when we already have a builder.

Done - replaced the too verbose methods with inline code.

kasakrisz · 2026-04-28T12:56:29Z

+    if (cat.viewExists(id)) {
+      cat.dropView(id);


What is the result of dropView when the view with the specified name doesn't exists? I thinkg about whether the cat.viewExists(id) is necessary

The result of dropView when the view with the specified name doesn't exists is false. Else true. I removed the cat.viewExists(id) check.

kasakrisz · 2026-04-28T13:00:16Z

+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testIfNotExistsReturnsFalseWhenViewExists() throws Exception {


Isn't the test method name testIfNotExistsReturnsFalseWhenViewExists is misleading? We are testing createOrReplaceNativeView not the IfNotExists method.

Yes, the name was vague, IfNotExists is not a method, but one of the parameters.
I renamed the method to:
testCreateOrReplaceNativeViewSkipsWhenViewExistsAndIfNotExistsFlagTrue

kasakrisz · 2026-04-28T13:11:40Z

+create view v_ice as select * from src_ice stored by iceberg;
+
+select * from v_ice;
+


Could you please add

logical view which does some transformation on it's base table and query from it?

create views when the schema is specified and not specified.

logical view which does some transformation on it's base table and query from it?

This is not supported by Hive itself:

update v_ice set last_name = last_name + 'a' fname=iceberg_native_view.q See ./ql/target/tmp/log/hive.log or ./itests/qtest/target/tmp/log/hive.log, or check ./ql/target/surefire-reports or ./itests/qtest/target/surefire-reports/ for specific test cases logs. org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.SemanticException: You cannot update or delete records in a view at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.RewriteSemanticAnalyzer.validateTargetTable(RewriteSemanticAnalyzer.java:265) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.RewriteSemanticAnalyzer.analyze(RewriteSemanticAnalyzer.java:84) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.RewriteSemanticAnalyzer.analyzeInternal(RewriteSemanticAnalyzer.java:73) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.BaseSemanticAnalyzer.analyze(BaseSemanticAnalyzer.java:358) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Compiler.analyze(Compiler.java:224) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Compiler.compile(Compiler.java:109) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.compile(Driver.java:499) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.compileInternal(Driver.java:451) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.compileAndRespond(Driver.java:415) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.compileAndRespond(Driver.java:409) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.reexec.ReExecDriver.compileAndRespond(ReExecDriver.java:126) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.reexec.ReExecDriver.run(ReExecDriver.java:234) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLocalCmd(CliDriver.java:259) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processCmd1(CliDriver.java:203) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processCmd(CliDriver.java:129) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLine(CliDriver.java:430) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLine(CliDriver.java:358) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.QTestUtil.executeClientInternal(QTestUtil.java:790) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.QTestUtil.executeClient(QTestUtil.java:760) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.control.CoreCliDriver.runTest(CoreCliDriver.java:115) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.control.CliAdapter.runTest(CliAdapter.java:139)

create views when the schema is specified and not specified.

Done

logical view which does some transformation on it's base table

Sorry I mean something like

select first_name || last_name from ... where <some filter condition>

because

select * from table;

as a view definition is a kind of edge case. It is ok for testing but not a typical use-case.

kasakrisz · 2026-04-28T13:28:44Z

+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    boolean icebergNativeView = validateOptionalViewStorageClause(storageClause);


Please do not hardcode anything like Iceberg into compiler code. The compiler is independent from the storage handler. I'm aware that we already hove lots of code which violates this principal and it already causes lots of troubles.

Fixed - moved all Iceberg-specific code into HiveIcebergStorageHandler and kept generic interfaces in the Compiler.

kasakrisz · 2026-04-28T13:29:39Z

  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

+  /** HMS table property set when the view is declared with {@code STORED BY ICEBERG} (native Iceberg view). */
+  public static final String ICEBERG_NATIVE_VIEW_PROPERTY = "hive.iceberg.native.view";


Please remove this from here.

kasakrisz · 2026-04-28T13:29:44Z

  private final boolean ifNotExists;
  private final boolean replace;
  private final List<FieldSchema> partitionColumns;
+  private final boolean icebergNativeView;


Please remove this from here.

kasakrisz · 2026-04-28T13:29:58Z

+  @Explain(displayName = "iceberg native view", displayOnlyOnTrue = true)
+  public boolean isIcebergNativeView() {
+    return icebergNativeView;
+  }


Please remove this from here.

sonarqubecloud · 2026-05-09T01:37:30Z

Quality Gate passed

Issues
9 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

kasakrisz · 2026-05-11T12:35:55Z

+  VIEW_STORAGE_HANDLER_UNSUPPORTED(10448, "CREATE VIEW only supports STORED BY ICEBERG for native "
+      + "Iceberg views; unsupported storage clause: {0}", true),


Please rephrase this error message. Remove STORED BY and let Iceberg be a parameter.

kasakrisz · 2026-05-11T13:02:34Z

+        TableName.fromString(
+            view.name(), MetaStoreUtils.getDefaultCatalog(conf), Warehouse.DEFAULT_DATABASE_NAME);
+    result.setCatName(tableName.getCat());
+    result.setDbName(tableName.getDb());


What happens when a customer db is specified?

create view my_db.myview as...

kasakrisz · 2026-05-11T13:12:03Z

+    return conf;
+  }
+
+  private HiveCatalog verifyCatalog() {


Why is this called verify? Based on the implementation of this method it is more like loading a catalog.
Could you please share some background of the use case of this method.

kasakrisz · 2026-05-11T13:18:58Z

+                conf, DB, VIEW, cols, "select 2 as id", null, null, true, false))
+        .isTrue();
+
+    assertThat(verifyCatalog().viewExists(TableIdentifier.of(DB, VIEW))).isTrue();


I think it worth checking if the view definition is actually altered.

kasakrisz · 2026-05-11T13:22:21Z

+  ('fn7','ln7', 2);
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Iceberg native view via TBLPROPERTIES before AS


Does before AS adds any value in this comment? AFAIK the grammar allows this way only.

kasakrisz · 2026-05-11T16:02:52Z

  iceberg_create_locally_zordered_table.q,\
  iceberg_merge_delete_files.q,\
  iceberg_merge_files.q,\
+  iceberg_native_view.q,\


Is there any LLAP specific in view DDLs ? If not; can this test run by the default Iceberg driver?

kasakrisz · 2026-05-11T16:04:24Z

+  @Test
+  public void testParseCreateViewTblpropertiesViewFormatIceberg() throws Exception {
+    ASTNode tree = parseDriver.parse(
+        "create view v1 tblproperties ('view-format'='iceberg') as select * from t", null).getTree();
+    assertTrue(tree.dump(), tree.toStringTree().contains("tok_createview"));
+    assertTrue(tree.dump(), tree.toStringTree().contains("tok_tableproperties"));
+    assertTrue(tree.dump(), tree.toStringTree().contains("view-format"));
+    assertTrue(tree.dump(), tree.toStringTree().contains("iceberg"));
+  }
+


This test class is about the default keyword testing. Could you please move this test to the one which is about view creation. Please create a new one of not exists. Since this grammar is not Iceberg specific it can be a generic one.

kasakrisz · 2026-05-11T16:10:05Z

+    if (explicitViewFormat) {
+      throw new SemanticException(ErrorMsg.VIEW_STORAGE_HANDLER_UNSUPPORTED.getMsg(
+          "Native view metadata is not supported for storage handler: " + handlerClass));
+    }


We have the knowledge about explicit view format at the caller.
Could you please move this check to the caller method.

kasakrisz · 2026-05-12T12:11:29Z

+    if (desc.usesNativeViewCatalog()) {
+      executeNativeCatalogView();
+      return 0;
+    }


I think this decision should be moved to BaseHiveIcebergMetaHook or HiveIcebergMetaHook.preCreateTable like we do in case of Iceberg tables.

Please set the StorageHandlerClass in CreateViewOperation.createViewObject to the newly created ql.metadata.Table object because later this object is passed to HMS and the meta hook.

if (desc.usesNativeViewCatalog()) { storageFormat.setStorageHandler(desc.getNativeViewStorageHandlerClass()); view.setProperty( org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.hive_metastoreConstants.META_TABLE_STORAGE, desc.getNativeViewStorageHandlerClass()); }

I'm not a big fan of this meta hook solution but this is whet we have in case of Iceberg tables and IMHO it is better to be consistent.

Probably create or replace and if not exists doesn't have to be handled separately in case of Iceberg views of you make this change.

Please add some tests for create or replace and if not exists to the q test iceberg_native_view.q

kasakrisz · 2026-05-12T12:15:06Z

  }

+  /**
+   * Resolves {@code STORED BY identifier} for CREATE VIEW (short names such as {@code ICEBERG} or an FQCN).


Was STORED BY left here intentionally?

kasakrisz · 2026-05-12T12:24:25Z

+   * Keys should be removed when {@linkplain #clearNativeViewHmsTableProperties(Map)} is invoked for the same
+   * handler class recorded under {@link Constants.NATIVE_VIEW_STORAGE_HANDLER_CLASS_PARAM}.
+   */
+  default Map<String, String> getNativeViewHmsTableProperties() {


Can we call this simply getViewProperties? I would like to understand what native and hms mean in this context.

AFAIK, a native object is one that doesn't have a storage handler. To me, the word native in these method names is misleading. Could you please elaborate on this a bit?"

getNativeViewHmsTableProperties
clearNativeViewHmsTableProperties
createOrReplaceNativeView
supportsNativeViewCatalog

asf-ci-hive added tests pending tests unstable and removed tests pending labels Apr 23, 2026

difin force-pushed the iceberg_native_views branch from 4fdad42 to 252c608 Compare April 24, 2026 23:06

asf-ci-hive added tests pending and removed tests unstable labels Apr 24, 2026

difin force-pushed the iceberg_native_views branch from 252c608 to e10eba5 Compare April 24, 2026 23:31

difin marked this pull request as ready for review April 24, 2026 23:31

difin changed the title ~~HIVE-29578: Iceberg: support for Iceberg native views~~ HIVE-29578: Iceberg: support native views Apr 24, 2026

asf-ci-hive added tests failed and removed tests pending labels Apr 24, 2026

difin changed the title ~~HIVE-29578: Iceberg: support native views~~ HIVE-29578: Iceberg: add support for native views Apr 24, 2026

asf-ci-hive added tests pending tests unstable and removed tests failed tests pending labels Apr 25, 2026

difin force-pushed the iceberg_native_views branch from e10eba5 to 96fa476 Compare April 25, 2026 20:46

asf-ci-hive added tests pending and removed tests unstable labels Apr 25, 2026

difin requested review from deniskuzZ and kasakrisz April 25, 2026 20:46

asf-ci-hive added tests unstable and removed tests pending labels Apr 25, 2026

difin force-pushed the iceberg_native_views branch from 96fa476 to 114412a Compare April 26, 2026 15:12

asf-ci-hive added tests pending tests passed and removed tests unstable tests pending labels Apr 26, 2026

kasakrisz requested changes Apr 27, 2026

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kasakrisz requested changes Apr 28, 2026

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difin force-pushed the iceberg_native_views branch from 114412a to c40d401 Compare May 5, 2026 22:54

asf-ci-hive added tests pending tests passed and removed tests passed tests pending labels May 5, 2026

difin force-pushed the iceberg_native_views branch from c40d401 to 08ccc4c Compare May 8, 2026 19:43

asf-ci-hive added tests pending and removed tests passed labels May 8, 2026

difin force-pushed the iceberg_native_views branch from 08ccc4c to 34fb2ed Compare May 8, 2026 19:44

asf-ci-hive added tests failed and removed tests pending labels May 8, 2026

difin force-pushed the iceberg_native_views branch from 34fb2ed to bedaf69 Compare May 8, 2026 22:47

HIVE-29578: Iceberg: support for Iceberg native views

1886216

difin force-pushed the iceberg_native_views branch from bedaf69 to 1886216 Compare May 8, 2026 22:59

asf-ci-hive added tests pending and removed tests failed labels May 9, 2026

asf-ci-hive added tests passed and removed tests pending labels May 9, 2026

kasakrisz requested changes May 12, 2026

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kasakrisz reviewed May 12, 2026

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		delete from src_ice where last_name in ('ln1a', 'ln2a', 'ln7a');

		create view v_ice as select * from src_ice stored by iceberg;

	create materialized view mat1 stored by iceberg stored as orc tblproperties ('format-version'='1') as
	select tbl_ice.b, tbl_ice.c from tbl_ice where tbl_ice.c > 52;

		create view v_ice as select * from src_ice stored by iceberg;

		select * from v_ice;

		VIEW_STORAGE_HANDLER_UNSUPPORTED(10448, "CREATE VIEW only supports STORED BY ICEBERG for native "
		+ "Iceberg views; unsupported storage clause: {0}", true),

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difin commented Apr 23, 2026 • edited Loading Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page.

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What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Why are the changes needed?

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

How was this patch tested?

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difin May 5, 2026 • edited Loading Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page.

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sonarqubecloud Bot commented May 9, 2026

Quality Gate passed

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difin commented Apr 23, 2026 •

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